Source: www.forum18.org
Date: January 5, 2023
After his last Mass in Grodno’s Holy Redeemer Church on 27 December,
Polish citizen Fr Jozef Geza left Belarus after 25 years’ service.
Religious affairs official Aleksandr Rumak rejected his bishop’s request
to extend the permission which foreign citizens need to conduct religious
work. Rumak “won’t comment” on his decision, his colleague Andrei
Aryayev said. Last July, Rumak refused the latest request for permission
for Fr Klemens Werth. A Russian citizen, he can therefore serve only in an
administrative role in Vitebsk diocese.
BELARUS: Polish priest forced to leave after 25 years
https://www.forum18.org/archiv
By Felix Corley, Forum 18
Another foreign Catholic priest has been forced to leave Belarus after the
authorities refused his bishop’s request to extend permission for him to
continue to serve in the country. Polish citizen Fr Jozef Geza had served
as parish priest in the western city of Grodno since 1997. He held his last
Mass in the city’s Holy Redeemer Church on 27 December and has since left
Belarus.
Such permission for foreign citizens to conduct religious work in Belarus
is granted – or refused – by the country’s senior religious affairs
official, the Plenipotentiary for Religious and Ethnic Affairs Aleksandr
Rumak in the capital Minsk (see below).
When such permission is granted, it allows the foreign citizen to conduct
religious activity only in one named registered religious community. That
means, for example, that if a foreign Russian Orthodox or Catholic priest
wants to lead a religious service in another parish, further permission is
needed (see below).
Andrei Aryayev, the Head of the Religious Department of the Office of the
Plenipotentiary for Religious and Ethnic Affairs, refused to say why
Plenipotentiary Rumak had refused the bishop’s request to extend Fr
Geza’s right to conduct religious work. “Under the law of Belarus, the
Plenipotentiary has the right not to comment on such decisions,” Aryayev
told Forum 18. “He won’t comment.” Aryayev too refused to comment
(see below).
Aryayev said Fr Geza is the only foreign religious worker for whom Rumak
has refused permission in recent months (see below).
The spokesperson of the Catholic Bishops' Conference, Fr Yuri Sanko, told
Forum 18 from Minsk that he is not aware that Plenipotentiary Rumak has in
recent months refused permission for other foreign Catholics to serve in
Belarus (see below).
In July 2022, Plenipotentiary Rumak refused yet another request from the
Catholic Bishop of Vitebsk Oleg Butkevich for permission to serve for
Jesuit priest Fr Klemens Werth. The bishop has been seeking such permission
for him in vain for the past seven years. This means that Fr Werth – a
Russian citizen - can serve only in an administrative role in the diocese
(see below).
Numerous Russian Orthodox and Catholic priests have been forced to leave
Belarus after Plenipotentiary Rumak or his predecessor refused bishops’
requests for permission for the foreign priests to conduct religious work
in the country as residents or visitors. Some Protestants who local
communities wanted to invite from abroad have similarly been denied such
permission (see below).
In 2017, the then head of the Catholic Church in Belarus, Archbishop
Tadeusz Kondrusiewicz, called for the state to end the requirement that
foreign citizens need permission to conduct any religious activity (see
below).
Another Polish Catholic priest who left Belarus in 2017 after 28 years'
service had seen his application for Belarusian citizenship rejected five
years earlier (see below).
State controls on foreign religious workers
The state retains tight controls over all exercise of the right to freedom
of religion or belief
(https://www.forum18.org/archi
religious purposes are allowed only if a community has managed to gain the
compulsory state registration. Only registered religious communities are
allowed to invite foreign citizens for any public religious activity. If
the state grants such permission it is only valid for the one religious
community which has obtained it.
Under a January 2008 Council of Ministers Decree, amended in July 2010,
permission for foreign citizens to work for religious purposes (whether as
a resident or as a visitor) is given or refused by the Plenipotentiary for
Religious and Ethnic Affairs
(https://www.forum18.org/archi
must demonstrate knowledge of Belarus' state languages (Belarusian and
Russian) in order to perform religious work. The Plenipotentiary defines
the period of permission, can at any time withdraw permission, and is not
obliged to communicate the reasons for a refusal.
If the Plenipotentiary decides to give permission for a foreign religious
worker to work, the regional Executive Committee's [local authority]
Ideology, Culture and Youth Department is responsible for issuing a
certificate specifying in which single religious community the individual
can work (https://www.forum18.org/archi
exact dates for which permission is given (usually three months, six months
or one year).
The Plenipotentiary may refuse permission for a foreign religious worker to
conduct religious work without giving any reason. Such decisions are
entirely within the Plenipotentiary’s power and are difficult for the
communities which have invited them to challenge.
The Catholic Church is the community most hit by such controls on
foreigners invited to serve in the country, though the Russian Orthodox
Church has also faced denials of permission to serve. State officials have
steadily reduced the numbers of foreign Catholic clergy
(https://www.forum18.org/archi
“Such refusals from Rumak are often accompanied by a comment that the
Church should seek clergy among Belarusian nationals,” one Catholic told
Forum 18.
Priest's permission denied
Aleksandr Kashkevich, the Catholic Bishop of Grodno, wrote in late 2022 to
the regime's senior religious affairs official, Plenipotentiary for
Religious and Ethnic Affairs Aleksandr Rumak, to request an extension of
permission for Polish citizen Fr Jozef Geza to conduct religious work in
his Grodno parish.
However, in December 2022, Plenipotentiary Rumak refused Bishop
Kashkevich’s application. After serving in Belarus since 1997, Fr Geza
held his last Mass in the city’s Holy Redeemer Church on 27 December,
Grodno Catholic diocese website noted on 30 December 2022.
Fr Geza, who is 79, has served in the Holy Redeemer parish in Devyatovka, a
northern suburb of Grodno where many blocks of flats were built from the
late 1980s. The parish was established in 1992 and the then bishop put it
in the care of priests of the Redemptorist Order. Construction of the
church and pastoral centre began in 1997.
Fr Geza has served in Belarus from the 1990s, initially living in Poland
and crossing the border. In 1997 he was allowed to move to Belarus, where
he served in a variety of roles, including as abbot of the Redemptorist
monastic community in Grodno. In June 2020 he celebrated in the Holy
Redeemer parish the 50th anniversary of his priestly ordination, and in
August 2022 celebrated his 60th anniversary of taking vows as a member of
the Redemptorist Order.
Andrei Aryayev, the Head of the Religious Department of the Office of the
Plenipotentiary for Religious and Ethnic Affairs in Minsk, refused to say
why Plenipotentiary Rumak had refused the bishop’s request to extend Fr
Geza’s right to conduct religious work. “Under the law of Belarus, the
Plenipotentiary has the right not to comment on such decisions,” Aryayev
told Forum 18 from Minsk on 4 January 2023. “He won’t comment.”
Aryayev too refused to comment.
Aryayev said Fr Geza is the only foreign religious worker for whom Rumak
has refused permission to work in recent months. The most recent known
refusal was for Fr Klemens Werth in late July 2022 (see below).
The spokesperson of the Catholic Bishops' Conference, Fr Yuri Sanko, told
Forum 18 from Minsk on 4 January that he is not aware that Plenipotentiary
Rumak has in recent months refused permission for other foreign Catholics
to serve in Belarus.
Permission denial means priest can serve only in administrative role
On 22 June 2022, the Catholic Bishop of Vitebsk Oleg Butkevich wrote to
Plenipotentiary Aleksandr Rumak with a further request for permission to
serve for Jesuit priest Fr Klemens Werth. Rumak rejected the application
without explanation in late July 2022, Catholics told Forum 18.
Fr Werth, a Russian citizen, has worked in Vitebsk Diocese since 2015.
Bishop Butkevich gained the required permission for him to conduct
religious work from November 2015, but the Plenipotentiary refused to
extend this in November 2016
(https://www.forum18.org/archi
wanted to appoint him to a new parish.
Bishop Butkevich has been seeking permission for Fr Werth in vain since
then. This means that the priest can serve in the diocese only in an
administrative role. The diocesan website lists him as administrator in
charge of finances.
Forum 18 was unable to ask Aryayev of the Plenipotentiary’s Office about
the repeated denial of permission to serve for Fr Werth as he had already
put the phone down.
Some foreign Catholic priests sense that permission will be denied
Some foreign Catholic priests have had indications from officials that the
regime personally dislikes them, so Plenipotentiary Aleksandr Rumak is
likely not to grant a request of their bishop to extend their right to
serve in Belarus when their permission expires. These priests therefore
choose instead to end their service at that point and leave the country,
one Catholic who wished to remain anonymous for fear of state reprisals
told Forum 18.
Foreign Catholic clergy and nuns often denied permission
The authorities frequently refuse to allow foreign Catholic and Russian
Orthodox priests to continue to serve in Belarus, often after many years'
service in the country.
Without any explanation, Belarus' then senior state religious affairs
official Leonid Gulyako abruptly cancelled the permission for Polish
Catholic priest Fr Jerzy Wilk to continue serving his parish in the
north-eastern Vitebsk Region. Gulyako gave his bishop one day's notice of
the cancellation, which came into effect on 3 September 2020, half way
through the one-year period for which Fr Wilk had earlier been given
permission.
Fr Wilk said he has no idea why the state permission for him to work as a
priest was cancelled. He insisted that his sermons did not touch on
political issues. "All I talked about was good and evil, of the need to
love, about everything I believe myself," he told Forum 18.
The then Plenipotentiary Gulyako repeatedly accused foreign Catholic
priests of violating the law
(https://www.forum18.org/archi
by speeding, involvement in political activity, and poor command of the
Belarusian language.
Vitebsk-based priest Fr Vyacheslav Barok (who fled to Poland to avoid
prosecution in July 2021
(https://www.forum18.org/archi
though the Plenipotentiary's Office is supposed to give permission to carry
out religious activities for a year, if it does grant permission it usually
does so for only three to six months. This forces a diocese to re-apply
after the permission expires.
"The Constitution guarantees us our religious rights but the state
constantly interferes in the Church's affairs," Fr Barok told Forum 18 in
May 2017 (https://www.forum18.org/archi
Plenipotentiary decides who will serve and where."
Calls for restrictions on foreign religious workers to be changed
Both Catholic and Orthodox leaders – who say they do not have enough
native priests –
want such restrictions on foreigner workers changed
(https://www.forum18.org/archi
Tadeusz Kondrusiewicz, the then Archbishop of Minsk and Mogilev and head of
the Catholic Church in Belarus, at an 11 April 2017 press conference in
Minsk (https://www.forum18.org/archi
ban on foreign citizens conducting religious services without obligatory
state permission.
On 31 August 2020 Archbishop Kondrusiewicz – a Belarusian citizen – was
denied permission to return to Belarus
(https://www.forum18.org/archi
Poland. The regime allowed the Archbishop to return on 24 December 2020
(https://www.forum18.org/archi
age of 75 on 3 January 2021 he offered his resignation to Pope Francis, as
all Catholic Bishops have to do. The Pope accepted this. (END)
Full reports on freedom of thought, conscience and belief in Belarus
(https://www.forum18.org/archi
For more background, see Forum 18's Belarus religious freedom survey
(https://www.forum18.org/archi
Forum 18's compilation of Organisation for Security and Co-operation in
Europe (OSCE) freedom of religion or belief commitments
(https://www.forum18.org/archi
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